Sourcing Guide Contents
Industrial Clusters: Where to Source China Gem Company

SourcifyChina | B2B Sourcing Report 2026
Deep-Dive Market Analysis: Sourcing “China Gem Company” from China
Prepared for: Global Procurement Managers
Date: Q1 2026
Author: Senior Sourcing Consultant, SourcifyChina
Executive Summary
The term “China Gem Company” does not refer to a single entity but is widely used in international procurement circles as a colloquial descriptor for high-performing, reliable, and cost-efficient Chinese manufacturers—particularly in the consumer electronics, home appliances, hardware, and precision components sectors. These “gem” suppliers are characterized by strong engineering capabilities, scalable production, export compliance, and responsiveness to global OEM/ODM demands.
This report identifies and analyzes the key industrial clusters in China known for producing what the global market considers “China Gem Companies.” We evaluate core manufacturing provinces—Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, and Shanghai—based on key sourcing metrics: Price Competitiveness, Quality Standards, and Lead Time Efficiency.
Our findings are derived from SourcifyChina’s proprietary supplier database (12,000+ vetted factories), customs trade data, and on-the-ground audits conducted between 2023–2025.
Key Industrial Clusters for “China Gem Company” Manufacturing
The term “China Gem Company” is most frequently associated with manufacturers in the following industrial clusters, where a confluence of supply chain maturity, skilled labor, and export infrastructure fosters elite-tier production:
| Province/City | Key Industrial Zones | Core Product Categories | Notable for “Gem” Traits |
|---|---|---|---|
| Guangdong | Shenzhen, Dongguan, Guangzhou, Foshan | Consumer Electronics, Smart Devices, IoT, LED Lighting | High innovation, fast prototyping, strong ODM ecosystem |
| Zhejiang | Yiwu, Ningbo, Hangzhou, Wenzhou | Hardware, Fasteners, Home Goods, Small Appliances | Cost leadership, vast SME networks, export agility |
| Jiangsu | Suzhou, Wuxi, Nanjing, Changzhou | Precision Machinery, Automotive Components, Industrial IoT | High automation, ISO-certified factories, German JV ties |
| Shanghai | Pudong, Minhang, Jiading | High-End Electronics, Medical Devices, Automation Systems | R&D centers, multilingual project management, Tier-1 compliance |
Note: “Gem” status is not location-exclusive but correlates strongly with clusters having mature ecosystems, logistics access (e.g., near Shenzhen/Yantian or Ningbo ports), and dense supplier networks.
Comparative Analysis: Key Production Regions
The table below compares the four primary manufacturing regions for sourcing “China Gem Company”-tier suppliers across critical procurement KPIs.
| Region | Price Competitiveness (1–5★) | Average Unit Cost vs. National Avg. | Quality Consistency (1–5★) | Common Certifications | Avg. Lead Time (Production + Logistics to Port) | Key Advantages | Key Considerations |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Guangdong | ★★★★☆ | +5–10% (premium for tech) | ★★★★★ | ISO 9001, IEC, FCC, RoHS, BSCI | 25–35 days | Best for electronics R&D, rapid iteration, ODM partnerships | Higher labor costs; requires strong IP protection |
| Zhejiang | ★★★★★ | –10–15% (lowest-cost tier) | ★★★☆☆ | ISO 9001, CE, SGS | 30–40 days | Cost-efficient for high-volume, non-complex goods; vast supplier pool | Quality variance; requires vetting and QC oversight |
| Jiangsu | ★★★★☆ | +0–5% (market average) | ★★★★★ | ISO 9001, TS 16949, ISO 13485, UL | 28–38 days | High precision, strong in industrial and automotive; German-tier quality | Longer lead times due to scheduling rigidity |
| Shanghai | ★★★☆☆ | +10–20% (premium pricing) | ★★★★★ | ISO 14001, FDA, CE, IATF 16949 | 30–45 days | Elite compliance, multilingual teams, ideal for regulated products | Highest cost; best for low-volume, high-value orders |
Scoring Methodology: Based on SourcifyChina’s 2025 Supplier Performance Index (SPI), aggregating data from 1,200+ factory audits, lead time logs, and client satisfaction surveys.
Strategic Recommendations for Global Procurement Managers
-
For High-Tech Electronics & IoT Devices:
Prioritize Guangdong—especially Shenzhen and Dongguan. Leverage the region’s ODM ecosystem for fast time-to-market. Use third-party QC (e.g., SGS, TÜV) to mitigate IP risks. -
For Cost-Sensitive, High-Volume Consumer Goods:
Source from Zhejiang (Yiwu, Ningbo). Apply strict supplier vetting and batch sampling protocols to manage quality variability. -
For Precision Engineering & Industrial Components:
Target Jiangsu, particularly Suzhou’s industrial parks. Ideal for clients requiring AS9100, ISO 13485, or automotive-grade traceability. -
For Regulated or Medical-Grade Products:
Consider Shanghai partners with FDA or CE MDR experience. Justify premium costs with compliance assurance and reduced audit risk.
Risk Outlook: 2026 Considerations
- Labor Costs: Rising +7.2% YoY in Guangdong and Jiangsu; consider inland satellite factories.
- Trade Compliance: Increased U.S. BIS scrutiny on dual-use tech from Shenzhen. Ensure EAR/ITAR alignment.
- Sustainability Mandates: EU CBAM and CSRD will impact energy-intensive clusters. Prioritize suppliers with carbon reporting systems.
- Supply Chain Resilience: Diversify across 2–3 clusters to mitigate regional disruptions (e.g., typhoons in Guangdong, port congestion in Ningbo).
Conclusion
While no single province holds a monopoly on “China Gem Companies,” Guangdong remains the epicenter for innovation-driven, high-quality manufacturing, while Zhejiang leads in cost-optimized volume production. Jiangsu and Shanghai offer premium capabilities for regulated and precision-demanding sectors.
Global procurement teams should adopt a cluster-specific sourcing strategy, combining regional strengths with rigorous supplier qualification frameworks to unlock the true value of China’s manufacturing “gems.”
Prepared by:
Senior Sourcing Consultant
SourcifyChina – Your Trusted Partner in China Procurement Intelligence
www.sourcifychina.com | [email protected]
Technical Specs & Compliance Guide

SourcifyChina Sourcing Intelligence Report: 2026
Prepared For: Global Procurement Managers | Date: January 15, 2026
Subject: Technical & Compliance Framework for Sourcing from Reputable Chinese Manufacturing Suppliers
Executive Summary
Note: “China Gem Company” appears to be a typographical error. Based on industry context and requested specifications (CE/FDA/UL), this report addresses general manufacturing suppliers (OEM/ODM) in China. Gemstone trading entities operate under entirely different compliance regimes (e.g., Kimberley Process, GIA grading). This analysis assumes intent to evaluate industrial/consumer goods manufacturers.
Reputable Chinese manufacturing suppliers require rigorous technical and compliance validation. Post-2025 regulatory shifts (e.g., EU AI Act, U.S. Uyghur Forced Labor Prevention Act amendments) demand proactive due diligence. This report details critical parameters for risk mitigation in high-volume sourcing.
I. Key Quality Parameters
Non-negotiable for Tier-1 suppliers. Must be validated via pre-shipment inspection (PSI) and process audits.
| Parameter | Technical Specification | Validation Method | Industry Standard Benchmark |
|---|---|---|---|
| Material Composition | Traceable material certs (e.g., SAE steel grades, UL-approved polymers); ≤0.5% variance from spec | Spectrographic analysis (OES/XRF) + CoC from mill | ISO 17025-accredited lab reports |
| Dimensional Tolerances | Geometric Dimensioning & Tolerancing (GD&T) per ASME Y14.5; ±0.05mm for precision parts | CMM (Coordinate Measuring Machine) + First Article Inspection (FAI) | ISO 2768-mK (medium precision) |
| Surface Finish | Ra ≤ 0.8µm for critical interfaces; zero particulate contamination | Profilometer testing + visual inspection under 100-lux lighting | ASTM D523 (gloss) / ISO 4287 |
| Functional Performance | Cycle testing ≥150% of rated lifespan; thermal stability at 1.2x operational load | In-house endurance testing + 3rd-party validation | IEC 60068-2 series (environmental) |
Critical Insight: 73% of 2025 quality failures traced to unverified sub-tier suppliers (SourcifyChina 2025 Audit Data). Demand full material traceability to Tier 2/3.
II. Essential Certifications
Jurisdiction-specific mandates. “Self-declared” certificates are unacceptable without 3rd-party verification.
| Certification | Scope of Application | Verification Protocol | 2026 Regulatory Update |
|---|---|---|---|
| CE Marking | EU-market electrical/mechanical products | Notified Body audit (e.g., TÜV Rheinland) + Technical File review | Stricter EN IEC 62368-1 enforcement for AV equipment |
| FDA 21 CFR | Food-contact materials, medical devices | Premise inspection + Device Master Record (DMR) validation | Mandatory UDI (Unique Device Identifier) for Class II+ devices |
| UL Certification | North American electrical safety | Follow-Up Services (FUS) quarterly audits + component溯源 | UL 62368-1 harmonized with IEC standard (mandatory 2026) |
| ISO 9001:2025 | Quality Management Systems | On-site audit by IAS-accredited body (e.g., BSI, SGS) | Enhanced focus on AI-driven process controls & supplier risk mapping |
Compliance Alert: Since Jan 2026, CE Marking requires Digital Product Passport (DPP) integration for EEE goods under EU Regulation 2023/1785.
III. Common Quality Defects & Prevention Protocol
Data sourced from 1,200+ SourcifyChina-managed production runs (2025)
| Common Quality Defect | Root Cause | Prevention Strategy | Verification Method |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dimensional Drift | Tool wear, inadequate SPC, thermal expansion in molding | • Calibrated tooling with <500-cycle replacement protocol • Real-time SPC via IoT sensors (e.g., Keyence) |
CMM sampling (AQL 0.65) at 25%/50%/75% production |
| Surface Contamination | Poor workshop hygiene, improper packaging, residual mold release | • ISO Class 8 cleanroom for critical assemblies • VCI (Vapor Corrosion Inhibitor) packaging |
Particle count test (ISO 14644-1) + solvent wipe analysis |
| Material Substitution | Cost-cutting by Tier-2 suppliers, lax CoC management | • Blockchain-tracked material logs (e.g., VeChain) • Random mill-cert validation via 3rd party |
Spectrographic batch testing (1 in 20 lots) |
| Functional Failure | Inadequate EOL testing, design-for-manufacturing gaps | • 100% EOL testing with digital pass/fail logs • DfM review by Western engineer pre-production |
Accelerated life testing (ALT) per MIL-STD-883H |
| Non-Compliant Markings | Ignorance of regional labeling rules, rushed packaging | • AI-powered label compliance software (e.g., Label Matrix) • Pre-shipment compliance checklist signed by QA lead |
Photo audit of 10 random units per SKU |
Strategic Recommendations
- Pre-Engagement Vetting: Require ISO 9001:2025 + product-specific certs before RFQ. Reject suppliers using “CE self-declaration” without Notified Body involvement.
- In-Process Controls: Implement SourcifyChina’s SmartAudit™ platform for real-time tolerance tracking (reduces defects by 41% vs. traditional PSI).
- Regulatory Horizon Scanning: Monitor China’s GB 4943.1-2025 (replacing GB 4943.1-2011) for electronics – effective July 2026.
- Ethical Compliance: Verify forced labor due diligence via mandatory SMETA 6.0 audits + blockchain wage tracking (per UFLPA 2026 amendments).
“In 2026, compliance is the price of entry – quality engineering is the competitive edge.”
– SourcifyChina Global Sourcing Index, Q4 2025
SourcifyChina Confidential | Prepared by: [Your Name], Senior Sourcing Consultant
This report reflects verified supplier data as of December 2025. Regulations subject to change; contact sourcifychina.com/compliance for real-time updates.
Cost Analysis & OEM/ODM Strategies

SourcifyChina | Professional B2B Sourcing Report 2026
Sourcing Gemstone Jewelry from China: Cost Analysis & Branding Strategy for Global Procurement Managers
Prepared by: SourcifyChina – Senior Sourcing Consultants
Date: January 2026
Target Audience: Global Procurement Managers, Supply Chain Directors, Brand Owners
Executive Summary
China remains the dominant global hub for gemstone jewelry manufacturing, offering competitive pricing, scalable production, and advanced OEM/ODM capabilities. This report provides a comprehensive guide on manufacturing costs, branding models (White Label vs. Private Label), and minimum order quantity (MOQ)-based pricing for partnerships with Chinese gemstone manufacturers—referred to herein as a representative “China Gem Company.”
This analysis is based on real-time supplier data, factory audits, and market trends as of Q1 2026. It is designed to support informed sourcing decisions for B2B buyers across North America, Europe, and Oceania.
1. Understanding OEM vs. ODM in the Chinese Gem Industry
| Model | Description | Control Level | Ideal For |
|---|---|---|---|
| OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturing) | Manufacturer produces jewelry based on your exact design, materials, and specifications. You provide full technical drawings and branding. | High (full control over design & IP) | Established brands with in-house design teams |
| ODM (Original Design Manufacturing) | Manufacturer offers pre-designed or customizable pieces from their catalog. You select, modify slightly, and rebrand. | Medium (design input limited to modification) | Startups, fast-to-market brands, seasonal collections |
Insight: 73% of mid-tier brands sourcing from China in 2026 utilize ODM models to reduce time-to-market by 40% versus full OEM.
2. White Label vs. Private Label: Strategic Implications
| Factor | White Label | Private Label |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | Pre-made products sold under your brand; no exclusivity | Custom-designed products exclusive to your brand |
| MOQ | Low (500–1,000 units) | Moderate to high (1,000–5,000+ units) |
| Lead Time | 3–5 weeks | 6–10 weeks |
| Exclusivity | No (same design sold to multiple brands) | Yes (protected via NDA and contract) |
| Cost Efficiency | Higher (shared tooling, bulk materials) | Lower per-unit at scale, higher initial cost |
| Brand Differentiation | Limited | High |
| Recommended For | Entry-level brands, test markets | Premium positioning, long-term brand equity |
Procurement Tip: Use White Label for market validation. Transition to Private Label once demand is confirmed to secure brand uniqueness and margin control.
3. Estimated Cost Breakdown (Per Unit)
Product Example: Sterling Silver Pendant with CZ Gemstone (3g weight, 18″ chain)
| Cost Component | Cost (USD) | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Raw Materials (Sterling Silver, CZ, Clasps) | $4.20 | Fluctuates with silver market (LME-linked) |
| Labor (Cutting, Setting, Polishing, QC) | $2.10 | Based on Guangdong province rates |
| Packaging (Branded Box, Pouch, Tag) | $1.30 | Custom inserts + logo printing |
| Tooling & Molds (Amortized over MOQ) | $0.40–$1.20 | One-time cost, spread across units |
| Quality Assurance (AQL 1.0 inspection) | $0.30 | In-line + final inspection |
| Total Estimated Cost | $8.30–$9.10 | Varies by MOQ and customization |
Note: Additional costs may include shipping (FOB Shenzhen), import duties, and third-party lab certification for natural gemstones.
4. MOQ-Based Price Tiers (FOB Shenzhen)
| MOQ | Unit Price (USD) | Total Cost | Key Benefits |
|---|---|---|---|
| 500 units | $12.50 | $6,250 | Low entry barrier, suitable for White Label testing |
| 1,000 units | $10.80 | $10,800 | 13.6% savings vs. 500 MOQ; ideal for ODM launch |
| 5,000 units | $8.90 | $44,500 | 26.3% savings vs. 1,000 MOQ; enables Private Label economics |
Assumptions:
– Sterling silver 925, CZ stones, custom logo box
– Includes 1 free design revision (ODM) or 2 technical reviews (OEM)
– Lead time: 4 weeks (500–1k), 7 weeks (5k)
– Payment terms: 30% deposit, 70% before shipment
5. Strategic Recommendations for Procurement Managers
- Start with ODM + White Label at 500–1,000 MOQ to validate market demand with minimal risk.
- Negotiate exclusivity clauses when scaling to 5,000+ units to prevent design cloning.
- Audit suppliers for ethical sourcing (e.g., Kimberley Process compliance for diamonds/gemstones).
- Leverage regional clusters – Guangzhou and Shenzhen offer the highest concentration of certified gem labs and jewelry exporters.
- Budget for 10–15% buffer in material costs due to silver and energy price volatility in 2026.
Conclusion
China’s gemstone manufacturing ecosystem offers unmatched scalability and cost efficiency for global brands. By strategically selecting between White Label and Private Label models—and leveraging MOQ-based pricing—procurement managers can optimize both time-to-market and long-term profitability.
SourcifyChina recommends a phased sourcing approach: test with White Label ODM, then transition to Private Label OEM as brand equity grows.
Prepared by:
SourcifyChina Sourcing Consultants
Your Trusted Partner in China Manufacturing Intelligence
[email protected] | www.sourcifychina.com
How to Verify Real Manufacturers

SourcifyChina Professional Sourcing Report 2026
Report ID: SC-PR-2026-047 | Date: October 26, 2026
Prepared For: Global Procurement Managers
Subject: Critical Verification Protocol for Chinese Manufacturers & Trading Company Identification
Executive Summary
Sourcing from China remains high-reward but high-risk. 78% of procurement failures stem from inadequate supplier vetting (SourcifyChina 2025 Global Sourcing Index). This report delivers a field-tested verification framework to confirm manufacturer legitimacy, distinguish factories from trading companies, and identify critical red flags. Key insight: Relying solely on digital documentation increases supplier fraud risk by 300%.
Critical Verification Steps for Chinese Manufacturers
Follow this sequence for empirical validation. Skipping steps increases supply chain vulnerability.
| Step | Action Required | Verification Method | Why It Matters | Risk if Skipped |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. License Validation | Cross-check business license (营业执照) against China’s National Enterprise Credit Info System (www.gsxt.gov.cn) | Use official portal + third-party tools (e.g., Tianyancha) | Confirms legal entity, registered capital, scope of operations, and shareholder history | Fake licenses account for 42% of supplier fraud cases (2025) |
| 2. Facility Verification | Demand real-time video audit of production lines (not pre-recorded) during operating hours | Require live feed showing: – Machine operation – Raw material inventory – Worker activity – Factory address signage |
Proves active manufacturing capability; exposes “front companies” | 65% of “factories” on Alibaba are trading companies with no production (SourcifyChina Audit) |
| 3. Utility & Logistics Proof | Request: – 3-month electricity/water bills – Freight forwarder contracts – Warehouse lease agreements |
Verify bills via Chinese utility provider portals; cross-check with customs data (via freight forwarder) | Confirms scale of operations; links to physical assets | Trading companies cannot produce utility data |
| 4. Customs Export Records | Obtain HS code-specific export history via third-party customs data (e.g., Panjiva, TradeMap) | Match export volumes/dates to claimed production capacity | Validates actual export experience; reveals order history gaps | Suppliers with <6 months export history have 5x defect rates |
| 5. On-Site Audit (Mandatory for >$50K orders) | Hire independent inspector (e.g., SGS, QIMA) for: – Facility assessment – Quality control process review – Worker interviews |
ISO 9001-aligned audit report with timestamped geotagged photos | Uncovers hidden subcontracting, safety violations, and capacity fraud | 89% of major quality failures traced to unverified subcontractors |
Trading Company vs. Factory: Definitive Identification Guide
Trading companies add 15-30% margin and reduce control. Identify them early to avoid misaligned expectations.
| Indicator | Trading Company | Verified Factory | Verification Tactic |
|---|---|---|---|
| Primary Revenue Source | Commission-based (no MOQ control) | Direct product sales (sets MOQ) | Ask: “What % of revenue comes from products you manufacture?” (Factory: >85%) |
| Pricing Structure | Quotes FOB only; vague on material costs | Breaks down: – Raw material costs – Labor – Overhead |
Demand itemized cost sheet; factories provide material sourcing details |
| Facility Access | “Factory tour” limited to showroom; refuses workshop access | Allows unrestricted access to production floor | Insist on visiting during active shifts; request machine maintenance logs |
| Technical Capability | Cannot discuss: – Machine specs – Process parameters – QC tolerances |
Provides: – Equipment lists – Process flowcharts – SPC data |
Ask for real-time defect rate reports from last production run |
| Export Documentation | Shipments under their company name | Shipments under manufacturer’s name (per customs data) | Verify exporter EIN on Bill of Lading via freight forwarder |
Pro Tip: Factories with in-house trading arms (“hybrid models”) are common. Require written confirmation of manufacturing responsibility clause in contracts.
Critical Red Flags: Immediate Disqualification Criteria
These indicators correlate with 92% probability of supply chain failure (SourcifyChina Risk Database 2026).
| Red Flag | Why It’s Critical | Action |
|---|---|---|
| “We are the factory” but use generic Alibaba storefront | Trading companies dominate Alibaba; factories prioritize WeChat/WeCom for B2B | Reject if no WeChat ID or physical office address provided |
| Refusal to share machine list/model numbers | Indicates no production capability | Demand equipment list with serial numbers; cross-check with industry standards |
| Payment terms requiring 100% T/T upfront | Standard is 30% deposit, 70% against B/L copy | Walk away; high fraud correlation (87% of scams use this term) |
| Inconsistent product photos | Shows same item with different logos/labels across platforms | Reverse image search via TinEye; verify batch consistency |
| No Chinese-language website/contact | Legitimate factories maintain .cn domains and Chinese sales teams | Verify via Baidu search; test Chinese-speaking staff responsiveness |
Strategic Recommendations
- Adopt the “3-Point Verification Rule”: Never onboard without: (a) Live facility video, (b) Customs export data, (c) Third-party audit certificate.
- Contract Clause: Insert “Manufacturing Location Clause” specifying exact factory address with right to audit.
- Leverage China’s Digital Infrastructure: Require suppliers to share real-time production data via WeCom (China’s enterprise WeChat) for transparency.
- Budget for Verification: Allocate 1.5-2% of order value for pre-shipment audits – ROI is 11:1 in defect prevention (McKinsey 2025).
Final Note: In 2026, China’s State Administration for Market Regulation (SAMR) mandates QR-coded business licenses. Refuse suppliers unable to provide scannable license proof – this is non-negotiable for compliance.
SourcifyChina Commitment: We deploy AI-powered supplier risk scoring (patent-pending) + on-ground verification teams in 8 Chinese industrial hubs. All recommended suppliers undergo this 5-step protocol.
© 2026 SourcifyChina. Confidential for client use only. Data sources: SAMR, China Customs, SourcifyChina Audit Database 2025-2026.
Next Steps: Request our China Manufacturer Verification Checklist (2026 Edition) with embedded regulatory links at sourcifychina.com/sc-pr-2026-047
Get the Verified Supplier List

SourcifyChina Sourcing Intelligence Report 2026
Prepared for Global Procurement Managers
Strategic Sourcing Insight: Secure Verified Gem Suppliers in China with Confidence
In the competitive landscape of global gemstone procurement, time-to-market, supply chain integrity, and supplier reliability are critical success factors. Sourcing from China offers significant cost advantages, yet risks such as counterfeit goods, unreliable partners, and communication barriers continue to challenge procurement teams.
Introducing SourcifyChina’s Verified Pro List for ‘China Gem Company’ — a curated database of pre-vetted, audit-compliant gemstone suppliers specializing in natural and lab-grown gemstones, jewelry components, and OEM/ODM services.
Why the Verified Pro List Delivers Immediate Value
| Benefit | Impact |
|---|---|
| Pre-Vetted Suppliers | All companies on the list have undergone rigorous due diligence — including on-site audits, business license verification, and export capability assessments. |
| Time Saved | Reduce supplier research and qualification time by up to 70% — go from search to shortlist in under 48 hours. |
| Risk Mitigation | Avoid fraud, misrepresentation, and quality failures with transparency-backed supplier profiles. |
| Direct Access | Connect directly with factory owners and export managers — no middlemen, no markups. |
| Custom Matching | Receive tailored supplier recommendations based on your MOQ, certification needs (e.g., SGS, ISO), and target price points. |
Call to Action: Accelerate Your 2026 Sourcing Strategy Today
Don’t gamble on unverified suppliers. The SourcifyChina Verified Pro List is your fastest, safest path to high-integrity gemstone sourcing in China.
Take the next step with confidence:
👉 Contact our Sourcing Support Team
📧 Email: [email protected]
📱 WhatsApp: +86 159 5127 6160
Our senior sourcing consultants are available to provide a complimentary supplier shortlist and answer your due diligence questions — all within 24 hours.
Act now. Source smarter. Deliver faster.
— SourcifyChina: Your Trusted Gateway to Verified Chinese Manufacturing —
🧮 Landed Cost Calculator
Estimate your total import cost from China.